Anti-apartheid activist and politician. Spent many years in exile from South Africa, working for the ANC. Head of communications in President Mandela’s office. Head of South Africa’s Government Communication and Information System (GCIS), 1998–2006, before heading the Policy Unit in the presidency. Served on South Africa’s first National Planning Commission, 2010–15. Executive director and board vice-chairperson of the Mapungubwe Institute for Strategic Reflection (MISTRA).