The structures Mandela refers to in this note were elements of the apartheid regime’s security apparatus under the overall direction of the State Security Council which coordinated the National Security Management System, which included Joint Management Committees at various levels. The Civilian Cooperation Bureau and the Directorate of Covert Collections had been involved in counter-insurgency operations. The ‘Vlakplaas Unit’ was a division of the counter-insurgency unit of the SAP responsible for the torture and deaths of many anti-apartheid activists. The1992 report by General Pierre Steyn detailed police and military involvement in violence in the run-up to the election.